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User:GiverOfThePeace/Standard Calculation for Meteors, Comets, etcetera

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Introduction

Meteor, Comet, etcetera calculations.

Meteor

Meteors sizes are some of the hardest to find since they're very small ass rocks.

We'll use the smallest one found here: https://sites.wustl.edu/meteoritesite/items/how-big-are-meteorites/

Which is Morito. About 10.1 tons or 9162.566 kg

For warning it's noted these sizes exaggerate the size of a meteor so this is the safest low end to use.

https://www.amsmeteors.org/meteor-showers/meteor-faq/ Meteors are stated to move from 11000 m/s

Since the size itself is admitted to be exaggerated we'll be using the lowest end of the meteor's speed

KE = 0.5mv^2 = 0.5(9162.566)(11000)^2 = 5.079133250113500e15 J

Now we need to take inverse square law into account:

Meteorites are stupidly small being a diameter of 1 meter at their largest. Making the surface area 12.57 meters^2

The CA would be half of that which is 6.285 m^2

And the surface area of a fist is 0.43 m^2 according to google

6.285/0.43 = 14.6162790697674419

5.079133250113500e15 J / 14.6162790697674419 = 3.475e14 J or 83.054 Kilotons of Tnt, aka 7-C.

Comets

Comets travel at 2000 miles per hour when far away from the sun: https://www.mrsd.org/cms/lib/NH01912397/Centricity/Domain/245/comets.pdf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comet Comets have an average density of 0.6 g/cm^3

A comet that’s 5 km in radius is assumed to have a volume of 5 * 10^17 cm^3: https://www.vanderbilt.edu/AnS/physics/astrocourses/ast201/comets.html#:~:text=But%20the%20typical%20comet%20is,the%20mass%20of%20a%20comet%3F&text=M%20%3D%20density%20x%20volume%20%3D%20(,the%20inner%20solar%20system%20…

Multiply volume and density together and you get 300,000,000,000,000 kg.

KE = 0.5mv^2 = 0.5(300,000,000,000,000)(894.08)^2 = 1.99845E+20 Joules or Island level, but we're not done yet.

Now we need to take inverse square law into account:

Using the 5000 meter radius and assuming the comet is a sphere, the surface area would be 3.14 * 10^8 m^2

Thus the CA would be half of that at 1.57 * 10^8 m^2

And the surface area of a fist is 0.43 m^2 according to google

So take (1.57 * 10^8) / 0.43 to get 365116279.07

1.99845E+20 J / 365116279.07 = 5.47346178 × 10^11 joules or 130.81 Tons of TNT. Which is 8-A


Asteroid

Asteroids kind of varies greatly in size: https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/asteroidfact.html

So we'll be taking the lowest end for safety which is listed as Itokawa.

35,000,000,000 kg

This asteroid goes a distance of 0.9 to 1.7 AU in 18 months which means it moves at 5,376.3 m/s.

Same thing as before.

KE = 0.5mv^2 = 0.5(35000000000 kg)(5376.3)^2 = 1.7704068535125e28 J or 4.2313739328692641095 exatons, again we're not done here.

Itokawa's radius is 156.5 meters, assuming this as a sphere, the surface area would be 307,778.69 m^2

CA is half of that so 153889.345 m^2

And the surface area of a fist is 0.43 m^2 according to google

153889.345/ 0.43 to get 357882.198

1.7704068535125e28 J/357882.198 = 4.947e22 or 11.823370808930999232 teratons of TNT. Which is 6-B.