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Rumia (ルーミア Rūmia) is a youkai capable of manipulating darkness. She makes her first appearance as the Stage 1 boss of Embodiment of Scarlet Devil.
| Rumia | |
|---|---|
| Origin | |
| Origin | Touhou |
| Creator | ZUN |
| First Appearance | Touhou 06: Embodiment of the Scarlet Devil |
| Voiced by | Fan-made Series: Maria Naganawa, Madoka Asahina, Shiori Izawa, Sumire Morohoshi, Rei Matsuzaki, Hitomi Ōwada, Takako Tanaka, Shio Kisui, Nagi Fujisaki, Seina Kato |
| Characteristics | |
| Species | Youkai |
| Gender | Female |
| Pronouns | She/Her |
| Sexuality | Unknown |
| Age | Unknown |
| Birthday | Unknown |
| Height | Short |
| Weight | Unknown |
| Ethnicity | Unknown |
| Status | Alive |
| Alignment | Neutral Evil |
| Archetype | Monster |
| Occupation | N/A |
| Time Period | Non-linear |
| Language | Japanese |
| Combat Style | Magical Combat |
| Homeworld | Gensokyo |
| Relationships | |
| Affiliations | Aya Shameimaru, Reimu Hakurei, Marisa Kirisame, Three Fairies of Light, Mystia Lorelei, Wriggle Nightbug |
| Enemies | Reimu Hakurei (Formerly), Marisa Kirisame (Formerly), Humans |
The name "Rumia" (ルーミア) may have been intended for romanization as "Lumia", potentially deriving from the Latin lumen ("light") or related English words such as "luminous" or "luminescent". This possible origin finds support in her first spell card, Moon Sign "Moonlight Ray". If "Lumia" was indeed the intended romanization, her ability to manipulate and create darkness might function through light absorption. ZUN has used "Rumia" in a 2004 diary post—though he also used the noticeably erroneous "Frandre" in the same entry—and has overseen official corrections from "Lumia" to "Rumia". The name "Rumia" also appears on her portrait in Perfect Memento in Strict Sense.
General Description: Rumia is a figure with short blonde hair and red eyes. According to ZUN, her height is that of a human in her early teens, between 10 and 14 years old.
Facial Features: She has short blonde hair. A small red ofuda is tied to the left side of her hair, positioned to resemble a ribbon. She cannot touch or remove this amulet. Her eyes are red.
Clothing/Outfit:
Special Features: The red ofuda in her hair is a permanent fixture that she cannot touch or remove, despite its appearance as a hair ribbon. Her height places her in the early teen range per developer statements.
Rumia takes part with them in scaring Youmu Konpaku as part of a "test of courage".
Titles
Origin: Touhou
Overall Series: Touhou Project
First Appearance: Touhou 06: Embodiment of the Scarlet Devil
Latest Appearance: Touhou 13.5: Hopeless Masquerade (Latest game appearance), Foul Detective Satori Chapter 12 (Latest Print Work appearance)
Company: Team Shanghai Alice
Creator: ZUN
Actor: The following voice acted roles are all from fan-made series not apart of any canonical Touhou works.
Gender: Female
Sexuality: Unknown
Pronouns: She/Her
Handedness: Ambidextrous (Always has her hands in a crucifix shape in order to scare humans[7])
Age: Unknown
Birthday: Unknown
Time Period: The world of Gensokyo itself is in a non-linear time period
Timeline: Main Timeline
Homeworld: Gensokyo
Residence: Unknown Part of Gensokyo (Noted by ZUN himself that Rumia's usual wherabouts and activities are unknown[8]
Story Role: Stage 1 Boss, Level 1 Boss
Legacy: Local Legacy (Known locally as a threat by the human villagers as the darkness youkai[3])
Influence: Local Influence (Enough of a threat to where human villagers know to watch out for her)
Language: Japanese
Ethnicity: Unknown
Religion: N/A (Youkais lack faith, not caring about religious related values[9])
Classification: Weaker Youkai[3]
Species: Youkai
State of Being: Regular
Physiology: Humanoid Physiology
In-Universe Creator: Unknown
Occupation: N/A
Combat Style: Magical Combat
Affiliations: Aya Shameimaru, Reimu Hakurei, Marisa Kirisame, Three Fairies of Light, Mystia Lorelei, Wriggle Nightbug
Enemies: Reimu Hakurei (Formerly), Marisa Kirisame (Formerly), Humans
Height: Short (It's noted by ZUN that he does not have an official height listed for characters, though generally speaking they are about as tall as height of a human in her late teens or older)[10]
Weight: Unknown
Status: Alive
Threat Level: Street Threat
Archetype: Monster
Grade: A
Tier: At least 9-C, Far Higher with Spiritual Power
Cardinality: Finite
Dimensionality: 3-D
Power Source: Magic & Fear
Attack Potency: At least Bone level (Noted that Rumia's darkness powers are a supporting ability and she uses pure power to attack humans[3], where it's noted even with her appearance, a human's power can't compare to a youkai's[13]. Youkais can easily kill humans[14], with it being noted that if it came to open conflict between humans and youkai, they would probably wipe out the village in the blink of an eye[15]. Youkai have stronger bodies than humans[11]. Youkai are noted to be physically stronger than humans[16]), Far Higher with Spiritual Power (Noted how even Yumemi Okazaki's scientific magic truly pales in comparison with the real thing[17], which Yumemi noted to not make light of the power of her science as she could blow up the planet at any moment[18]). Can ignore covnentional durability with Magic (Magic exists outside of the Grand Unified Theory[19], a theory with any model that merges electromagnetic, weak, and strong forces into a single force at high energies, unifying gravity with the electronuclear interaction, providing a more comprehensive theory of everything. Yumemi explains that on her world, all power can be explained by the Grand Unified Theory, however she posits an existence of a power not covered by the Theory: the power of magic[20]. Yumemi also explains that in the world of Gensokyo, magic unifies everything[21]. Magic is noted by Yumemi to have close ties with religion[22]. The second layer of reality is spirit and magic, while the first layer is where all things within the laws of physics presides, putting attacks with magic outside of the conventional laws of physics[23])
Durability: At least Bone level, Far Higher with Spiritual Power. Her Youkai Physiology makes her very difficult to kill (It's noted that one cannot defeat spirits or devilish powers without a weapon with an unnatural amount of spiritual power such as the Yin-Yang Orb[24]. Physical attacks such as a whacking a sake bottle over the head are considered violent methods that wouldn't work on youkai[25], with it only being spiritual attacks that cause fatal wounds to youkai[11]. When attempting to exterminate a youkai, one does not use weapons that cause physical damage, instead weapons with an "origin" are more preferable[16]. In the world beyond (Gensokyo), physical form has no meaning for all non-human entities[26])
Striking Strength: At least Bone Class
Lifting Strength: At least Superhuman Class
Travel Speed: At least Superhuman (Can keep up with other characters flight speeds, where they can reach across long distances due to being able to fly[27])
Attack Speed: At least Superhuman. Magic Attacks lack a defined speed (Magic exists outside of the Grand Unified Theory[28], a theory with any model that merges electromagnetic, weak, and strong forces into a single force at high energies, unifying gravity with the electronuclear interaction, providing a more comprehensive theory of everything. Yumemi explains that on her world, all power can be explained by the Grand Unified Theory, however she posits an existence of a power not covered by the Theory: the power of magic[29]. Yumemi also explains that in the world of Gensokyo, magic unifies everything[30]. Magic is noted by Yumemi to have close ties with religion[31])
Reaction Speed: At least Superhuman
Stamina: Superhuman (Youkai have stronger bodies than humans[11]. Youkais within Gensokyo do not have much demand for medicine for physical illnesses as they are comprised mostly of spirit, thus they are always fit and robust[32])
Range: Standard Melee. At least Tens of Meters (Can fire out attacks[33] that travel[34] across the screen[35]), Cross-Dimensional with Battlefield Removal (Ordinary youkai[36], can send themself and their opponent to a different battlefield[37])
Intelligence: Average Intelligence
Knowledge: Novice level (It's noted that Rumia most likely can't see in the darkness she produces[38], with Hieda no Akyuu attributing the likelyhood to being that she's stupid[39])
| Japanese | English | Notes / Alternative Translation | Appears In | Usage / Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 月符「ムーンライトレイ」 | Moon Sign "Moonlight Ray" | Embodiment of Scarlet Devil | Used in Stage 1 on Hard/Lunatic | |
| 夜符「ナイトバード」 | Night Sign "Night Bird" | Embodiment of Scarlet Devil, Grimoire of Marisa | Used in Stage 1 on Easy/Normal/Hard/Lunatic | |
| 闇符「ディマーケイション」 | Darkness Sign "Demarcation" | Embodiment of Scarlet Devil | Used in Stage 1 on Easy/Normal/Hard/Lunatic | |
| 闇符「ダークサイドオブザムーン」 | Darkness Sign "Dark Side of the Moon" | Shoot the Bullet | Used in Stage 1 | |
| 夜符「ミッドナイトバード」 | Night Sign "Midnight Bird" | Shoot the Bullet | Used in Stage 1 |
Manipulation of Darkness
Rumia possesses the ability to envelop her surroundings in magical darkness at will. This darkness renders conventional light sources (including torches) completely ineffective within its radius. Humans who wander inside find their vision severely limited, able to see virtually nothing.
The darkness is unaffected by external light sources but has no physical interaction with objects it envelops. Notably, Rumia herself cannot see within her own darkness; she openly admits to bumping into trees while surrounded by it, and multiple eyewitness accounts confirm that humans who entered the darkness sphere escaped unharmed.
Despite this limitation, Rumia demonstrates nuanced control over light permeability. She was able to read Aya's newspaper while surrounded by almost total darkness, letting only enough light pass through to read, while Aya herself could not write notes or read her own notebook in the same conditions.
Although she dislikes heat and sunlight, Rumia has been observed without her darkness in broad daylight on multiple occasions, including during summer.
In Shoot the Bullet, this ability manifests during the spell card Darkness Sign "Dark Side of the Moon". When covered in darkness, Rumia becomes impossible to photograph. Her spell card naming convention consistently references night and darkness themes, including Moon Sign, Night Sign, and Darkness Sign cards.

| 夜符「ナイトバード」 | Night Sign "Night Bird" | |
|---|---|---|
| • 使用者 ルーミア | • User: Rumia | |
| • 備考 紅霧異変にて確認 | • Notes: Confirmed during the Scarlet Mist Incident | |
| • 参考度 参考にしない | • Reference Level: I ain't using this | |
| 鳥は暗闇では目が見えないと言われる。 | They say that birds can't see in the dark. | |
| ルーミアは光すら避ける暗い妖怪だから、鳥を見た事がないのかも知れない。その位鳥に見えない。 | Rumia is a dark youkai that even light avoids, so she might not have ever seen a bird in her life. That's how un-birdlike this looks. | |
| ちなみにスペルカードは特筆すべき点は無いほど簡単。つまらん。 | Incidentally, this spell card is too simple to have any special points worth mentioning. Boring. | |
Standard Tactics: Rumia emits the darkness around her to wrap one into it and then attack them with pure power.
Weaknesses
The Touhou Project franchise canoncity mainly falls under any media worked on by ZUN are official and canon to the overall lineup.
There are various aspects constantly debated about within the canon:
Media like PC-98, has been noted by ZUN to be ignored as one can ignore derivative works[162]. He has also said that anything prior to Embodiment of Scarlet Devil can for the most part be ignored and one can think of Embodiment of Scarlet Devil as the starting from a clean slate and starting a new series[163], he's also referred to Highly Responsive to Prayers as a study product[164]. With this in mind, one would assume that PC-98 is thus non-canon to the Windows continuity of games.
However, ZUN has also directly stated PC-98 games are the same world as the Windows Games, stating that any contradictions that exist from PC-98 can be ignored from the retcon in Windows Era[165]. While one argues ZUN noting the works are derivative works to be ignored and Embodiment of the Scarlet Devil should be seen as the starting point, these statements are moreso telling a fan to not worry about having to play PC-98 games or learn more about their stories.
It's also been noted in Embodiment of Scarlet Devil's おまけ.txt that the game chronologically is not too far from the previous title, which would be Mystic Square, the PC-98 title[166]. ZUN has also directly brought back characters from PC-98 games, noting he wanted to bring back characters from before Embodiment of Scarlet Devil and notes any of the other older characters that don't appear have probably retired by now and are warmly watching over things from various places nowadays[167]. When asked where Mima from PC-98 has gone, ZUN notes that he doesn't bring them back due to making things complicated and having potentially angry fans ask where she has been the entire time, he has also noted that there's not much use for characters like Genji as Reimu can fly now and also notes he is not dead[168]. ZUN has also made mention to Genji probably living in the lake in the back of the shrine[169]. In Touhou Sangetsusei ~ Strange and Bright Nature Deity, Reimu and Marisa were talking about glowing moss with Reimu saying it would be nice to transfer it to the pond in the back of the Hakurei Shrine and Marisa saying that she could make it grow there on the turtles' back, referencing Genji[170].
In Touhou 07 Perfect Cherry Blossom, when Alice meets Reimu, she tells her long time no see, noting that they've met before calling her "old friend"[171]. In Yuuka's mode in Touhou Project - Phantasmagoria of Flower View, Reimu directly references defeating Yuuka back in PC-98[172]. If Yuuka defeats Marisa in the same game, she will note that Marisa has grown up quite a bit, when the last time she's seen her has been in PC-98[173].
Seeing as ZUN himself has directly said both PC-98 and Windows are in the same world and that characters directly acknowledged PC-98 events and reference characters from it, PC-98 is completely canon and any contradictions PC-98 have can be ignored.
Touhou 7.5 - Immaterial and Missing Power takes place between Perfect Cherry Blossom and Imperishable Night[174].
In the series, there are multiple playable character routes, including some where the characters fight Reimu herself and defeat her, calling question into what route is canon. ZUN has elaborated that canonically, anytime Reimu and the gang are defeated, they challenge again however many times they want, but on the youkai side, they do not challenge again after being defeated and are not attached to the results of winning or losing[175].
In terms of how playable routes have went, some examples of canonically noted routes:
With some of these examples, it is normally assumed that in some way Reimu has some part in resolving every incident and other routes are dubiously canon depending on what transpired.
There are many cases of weaker humans beating stronger Yokai or vice versa within the Touhou series, this has been elaborated on in Reimu's profile on Perfect Memento in Strict Sense. Reimu introduced the spell card rules as the youkai had no way to defeat the Hakurei shrine maiden, making many youkai feel that their meaning to exist have dissapeared[132]. The rules incoporate the following:
The original draft held these rules[179]:
These rules allows for duels that feel almost like sport rather then a match, and have allowed for weaker fighters to challenge stronger ones, due to this though, it also has become possible for youkai to freely defeat Reimu without worrying about the consequences.
Due to them being written into cards and essentially affecting the ability and power of an attack, the spell cards are likely the thing binding attacks to specific properties.
Parallel Worlds is a topic brought up at some points in the Touhou Project franchise, they are worlds called "Probability Worlds" by Yumemi, stating that those and parallel worlds are one and the same[180]. This essentially means that parallel worlds in Touhou are based on the concept of probability. Yumemi and Chiyuri use a "Probability Space Hypervessel" in order to travel to alternate worlds and time periods[181], further showcasing that probabiliy serves an importance.
There[182] are[183] multiple[184] occasions[185] of[186]characters[187] commenting[188] on[189] humans like[190] Reimu[191] being strong[192]. Despite this Reimu showcases physical strength that isn't superhuman, such as the fact that she cannot cut a bamboo stick while Fujiwara direclty does in front of her.
This is due to the difference between magical and physical strength.
In works like Symposium of Post-mysticism, Yuugi Hoshiguma's profile has Suika directly state that Yuugi is weaker then her in magical powers, but stronger than her physically[193], lining a clear difference between magical and physical strength.
While one can be physically stronger then another, such as how Onis are physically the strongest, magic users are still able to keep up with them due to using a different form of attack.
An example can be found with Yuugi herself, when Reimu fights against her in Subterranean Animism[194], with her acknolwedging her strength[195], something Yuugi only does to those who are truly strong[193]. This establishes even with spellcard rules, Yuugi considers Reimu a strong fighter. Reimu herself is very clearly not at an oni's physical strength, as she cannot do the things they can, however, her magical strength allows her to keep up with them.
To defend against magical based properties requires Non-Standard Defenses as it is acknowledged as not being something of standard physicality.
In Chapter 27 of Curiosities of Lotus Asia, Reimu proceeds to explain how reality works to Rinnosuke and Marisa, where she explains in-depth the three layers of reality.
This conversation started from discussing the mechanism of fortune, where Rinnosuke attempted to posit that the future is predetermined and that Reimu's luck was her being able to calculate in an instant the predetermined future, however Reimu had a different explanation requiring her to lecture on the mechanisms of probability[196], in her explanation, the world is made up of three layers: the physical layer that moves in accuracy with the laws of physics, the second layer that moves with the spirit, and the third layer of memory which is the recollection of events that lies within all things[23]. The memory layer rejects the loop of the physical and mental layers, the two layers the youkai conceive of the world which is why they believe history repeats itself and the future is predetermined. Since it's only possible to add to the memory layer, it's possible to completely recreate the past.
While the physical layer follows the laws of physics, the mental layer interprets the outcomes and the memory layer alters the probability, essentially creating the future, since it's impossible for memories to raech the same state as a point in the past, the future is not predetermined, thus when Reimu is able to predict how the dice will fall, she's not predicting the fall of the dice, the dice members the fact that she predicted how the dice would fall, thus due to this, Reimu entering the memory of the die-face greatly skews the results in Reimu's favor, where the results side with Reimu[197].
Thus the memory layer is essentially the most important layer that rejects the notion of loops from the previous two layers.
近づいて、フカシとヨーコが手を振ると、西之園萌絵は、 両手を顔の横で広げてみせた。 人類は十進法を採用しました、というジェスチャではない。
(Coming closer, Fukashi and Yōko waved their hands, then Moe Nishinosono spread her hands next to her face. This wasn't the gesture of mankind adopting the decimal system.)
The author included this line to clarify that she did not spread her arms to form the shape of the character 十, but rather extended all ten fingers as if she had counted to ten.

| Profiles |
|
Youkai of the Dusk
Rumia |
○宵闇の妖怪
ルーミア
|
Touhou Project - Embodiment of Scarlet Devil |
| It's been a long time since the last title, so I wanted to have a character that had an element of surprise, and here she is. She's a girl with a power that controls darkness, but her first line is so casual and cheerful showing up with an "Is that so~." I like her because she's the representation of Touhou's distorted setting, where the strong have become weak.
|
久しぶりの作品で、最初に意外性を持たせようと思って作りました。闇の能力者が初っぱなに出てきて「そーなのかー」と緩いセリフを吐く所に、東方の捻くれた脱力世界観を感じられて気に入っています。
|
Dai Touhouten plaque |
One example of this is believed to be in Touhou 02's Stage 3 Scarlet Dream ~ Scarlet Dream where it displays stars and a space-like effect in the background[198], however this is actually the World of Fantasies, the world that lies between Makai and the human world, with Genji confirming this is definetely not outerspace as Reimu can breathe just fine there[199].
This is an argument that spawns from how small the characters look in different works, though this is moreso due to the "moe" artstyle Touhou tries to capture, in many of the manga characters look far older.
Majority of characters in the series are outright shown to drink alcohol on a daily basis[200], where one needs to be at least 20 years old under Japanese law to drink, where Japanese law requires no underaged characters to be shown drinking. This is even acknowledged in the series itself with a note saying alcohol is only for those over 20 years old[201]. Thus if a character is ever seen drinking alcohol in the series, they are an adult.
The only direct non-adults in the series are Sumireko Usami, Chiyuri Kitashirakawa, and Hieda no Akyuu in her first appearance.
This statement comes from a fan translation that says this in Curiosities of Lotus Asia[202].
While the statement seems clear cut, there is another translation used instead that makes more sense with the sentence.
It instead notes that most youkai concieve of the world through these two layers, which is why they believe the future is pre-determined and history repeats itself[203]. This falls in line with the earlier disucssion of Rinnosuke claiming that he believes the future to be predetermined and Reimu needing to explain to him why that's not the case[196].
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